路由器常用ACL和一些简单防护_中国IT运维网www.cnitom.com

1、IP欺骗简单防护。如过滤非公有地址访问内部网络。过滤自己内部网络地址；回环地址（127.0.0.0/8）；RFC1918私有地址；DHCP自定义地址（169.254.0.0/16）；科学文档作者测试用地址（192.0.2.0/24）；不用的组播地址（224.0.0.0/4）；SUN公司的古老的测试地址（20.20.20.0/24；204.152.64.0/23）；全网络地址（0.0.0.0/8）。

 Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 127.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 169.254.0.0 0.0.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 224.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 20.20.20.0 0.0.0.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 204.152.64.0 0.0.2.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 deny ip 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 100 permit ip any any
Router(Config-if)# ip access-group 100 in

2、建议采用访问列表控制流出内部网络的地址必须是属于内部网络的。（可选）如：

 Router(Config)# no access-list 101
Router(Config)# access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 101 deny ip any any
Router(Config)# interface eth 0/1
Router(Config-if)# description “internet Ethernet”
Router(Config-if)# ip address 192.168.0.254 255.255.255.0
Router(Config-if)# ip access-group 101 in

其他可选项：

建议启用SSH，废弃掉Telnet.但只有支持并带有IPSec特征集的IOS才支持SSH.并且IOS12.0-IOS12.2仅支持SSH-V1.如下配置SSH服务的例子：

 Router(Config)# no access-list 101
Router(Config)# access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any
Router(Config)# access-list 101 deny ip any any
Router(Config)# interface eth 0/1
Router(Config-if)# description “internet Ethernet”
Router(Config-if)# ip address 192.168.0.254 255.255.255.0
Router(Config-if)# ip access-group 101 in 
Router(Config)# config t
Router(Config)# no access-list 22
Router(Config)# access-list 22 permit 192.168.0.22
Router(Config)# access-list deny any
Router(Config)# username test privilege 10 ****

！设置SSH的超时间隔和尝试登录次数

 Router(Config)# ip ssh timeout 90
Router(Config)# ip ssh anthentication-retries 2
Router(Config)# line vty 0 4
Router(Config-line)# access-class 22 in
Router(Config-line)# transport input ssh
Router(Config-line)# login local
Router(Config-line)# exit

！启用SSH服务，生成RSA密钥对。

Router(Config)# crypto key generate rsa
The name for the keys will be: router.xxx
Choose the size of the key modulus in the range of 360 to 2048
for your General Purpose Keys .
Choosing a key modulus greater than 512 may take a few minutes.
How many bits in the modulus[512]: 2048
Generating RSA Keys...
Router(Config)#